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NAIP Imagery Wisconsin, 2022

Identification Information

Citation
Title
NAIP Imagery Wisconsin, 2022
Originator
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Publisher
United States Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation Business Center, Geospatial Enterprise Operations (FPAC-BC-GEO)
Publication Date
2022-10-03
Edition
2022
Collection Title
Aerial Imagery
Abstract
This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The four band orthorectified geotiffs were flown for the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The imagery has a minimum 60cm GSD, and is 8-bits per band, with tonal ranges per pixel between 0 - 255. The NAIP program is administered by USDA FSA and has been established to support two main FSA strategic goals centered on agricultural production. These are, increase stewardship of America's natural resources while enhancing the environment, and to ensure commodities are procured and distributed effectively and efficiently to increase food security. The NAIP program supports these goals by acquiring and providing ortho imagery that has been collected during the agricultural growing season in the U.S. The NAIP ortho imagery is tailored to meet FSA requirements and is a fundamental tool used to support FSA farm and conservation programs. Ortho imagery provides an effective, intuitive means of communication about farm program administration between FSA and stakeholders. New technology and innovation is identified by fostering and maintaining a relationship with vendors and government partners, and by keeping pace with the broader geospatial community. As a result of these efforts the NAIP program provides three main products: DOQQ tiles, Compressed County Mosaics (CCM), and Seamline shape files. The Contract specifications for NAIP imagery have changed over time reflecting agency requirements and improving technologies. These changes include image resolution, horizontal accuracy, coverage area, and number of bands. In general, flying seasons are established by FSA and are targeted for peak crop growing conditions. The NAIP acquisition cycle is based on a minimum 3 year refresh of base ortho imagery. The tiling format of the NAIP imagery is based on a 3.75' x 3.75' quarter quadrangle with a 300 pixel buffer on all four sides. NAIP quarter quads are formatted to the UTM coordinate system using the North American Datum of 1983. NAIP imagery may contain as much as 10% cloud cover per tile.
Purpose
NAIP imagery is available for distribution within 60 days of the end of a flying season and is intended to provide current information of agricultural conditions in support of USDA farm programs. For USDA Farm Service Agency, the 60 centimeter GSD product provides an ortho image base for Common Land Unit boundaries and other data sets. The NAIP imagery is generally acquired in projects covering full states in cooperation with state government and other federal agencies that use the imagery for a variety of purposes including land use planning and natural resource assessment. The NAIP is also used for disaster response. While suitable for a variety of uses, prior to 2007 the 2 meter GSD NAIP imagery was primarily intended to assess "crop condition and compliance" to USDA farm program conditions. The 2 meter imagery was generally acquired only for agricultural areas within state projects.
Supplemental Information
Data archived at Univeristy of Wisconsin-Madison
Temporal Extent
Time Instant
2022-10-03T00:00:00
Bounding Box
West
-92.955616
East
-86.666103
North
47.08304
South
42.456895
ISO Topic Category
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Place Keyword
Wisconsin
Place Keyword Thesaurus
Geographic Names Information System
Theme Keyword
Orthophotography
Aerial Imagery
National Agricultural Imagery Program
Theme Keyword Thesaurus
Legal Constraints
Use Limitation
Access Constraints: There are no limitations for access. Use Constraints: None. The United States Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation Business Center, Geospatial Enterprise Operations (FPAC-BC-GEO) asks to be credited in derived products. Distribution Liability: In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors of this information be liable for any damages arising out of its use (or the inability to use it)
Other Restrictions
Access Constraints: There are no limitations for access. Use Constraints: None. The United States Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation Business Center, Geospatial Enterprise Operations (FPAC-BC-GEO) asks to be credited in derived products. Distribution Liability: In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors of this information be liable for any damages arising out of its use (or the inability to use it)
Status
completed
Maintenance and Update Frequency
irregular
Language
eng
Credit
United States Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation Business Center, Geospatial Enterprise Operations (FPAC-BC-GEO)
Point of Contact
Contact
United States Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation Business Center, Geospatial Enterprise Operations (FPAC-BC-GEO)
Delivery Point
2222 West 2300 South
City
Salt Lake City
Administrative Area
Utah
Postal Code
84119-2020
Country
US
Email
apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov
Phone
801-844-2922

Spatial Reference Information

Reference System Identifier
Code
6345
Code Space
EPSG
Version

Data Quality Information

Absolute External Positional Accuracy
Absolute External Positional Accuracy
Lineage
Statement
Archived dataset at UW-Madison
Process Step
Description
DOQQ Production Process Description: USDA GEO NAIP Program 2022; The imagery was collected using the following digital sensors: Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10530), Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10510), Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10515), Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10519), Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10552) with Flight and Sensor Control Management System (FCMS) firmware: v4.57 and v4.6, Cameras are calibrated radiometrically and geometrically by the manufacturer and are all certified by the USGS. Collection was performed using a combination of the following twin-engine aircraft with turbines flying at 29,000 ft above mean terrain. Plane type: C441 Cessna Conquest Tail numbers: N441EH, N440EH, N441FS, N2NQ, N811HJ, With these flying heights, there is a 24-30% sidelap depending on the terrain, giving the collected data nominal ground sampling distance of 0.60 meters. Based-upon the CCD Array configuration present in the ADS digital sensor, imagery for each flight line is 20,000-pixels in width. Red, Green, Blue, Near-Infrared and Panchromatic image bands were collected. The ADS 100 has the following band specifications: Red 619-651, Green 525-585, Blue 435-495, Near Infrared 808-882, all values are in nanometers. Flight planning was performed in Leica MissionPro over a buffered boundary covering DOQQ extents provided by the USDA. A 500m reduced resolution DEM file was used to determine ground heights. A targeted flight altitude of approximately 27,000 feet above ground level for native 60cm image acquisition with sidelap of 24-30% was used for flight planning parameters. Five aircraft were utilized for acquisition, the seamline shapefile clarifies which aircraft were used for a given area. All aircraft were equipped with Leica ADS100 systems where utilized for data capture. The Leica ADS100 pushbroom sensor has been calibrated by the manufacturer as well as validated against a local calibration range. The calibration includes measuring the radiometric and geometric properties of the camera. These data are used in the Post Processing Software to eliminate the radiometric and geometric distortion. All aerial imagery was collected with associated GPS/IMU data.ADS collection requires high quality IMU data for processing and was critical for early access hosting of digital data to the web for USDA interim access and review. After early access web delivery was complete, all imagery was triangulated using Leica XPro in which the airborne GPS data was constrained to expected limits. To validate the accuracy of the block adjustment derived from GPS/IMU, sensor parameters and conjugate point measurements, photo identifiable ground control points were field surveyed within each State. These points were surveyed using GPS techniques to produce coordinates that are accurate to +/- 0.25 meters RMSE in XYZ. The GPS surveying techniques utilized assured that the coordinates are derived in the required project datum and relative to an approved National Reference System. If the block does not fit the control points within specifications the pass and tie points were reviewed for blunders and weak areas. If after these corrections were made, the block still does not fit the control well the GPS and IMU processing were reviewed. Once the block has proper statistics and fits the control to specifications, the final bundle adjustment was made. As AT points are frequently on man-made and other vertical features not included in the DEM, these ortho points can only be used to indicate regions of error by the clusters of points that predict excessive horizontal displacement. The final adjustments assure a high quality relative adjustment and a high quality absolute adjustment limited to the airborne GPS data accuracy. This process assures the final absolute accuracy of all geopositioned imagery. Both signalized and photo identified ground control were used to QC and control the IMU/GPS based aerial triangulation bundle block solution. Surdex Grouping Tool provides real-time updates of the USDA GEO Image Metrics. The image technician adjusts image correction parameters to bring the radiometric characteristics of large groups of images within the Image Metrics ranges. For each project area the highest resolution DEM or LiDAR was obtained and utilized for rectification of captured imagery. A visual inspection of the final DEM using color cycled classification by elevation and a shaded relief was performed to check for gaps, corruption and gross errors. The predicted horizontal error for each point was added as an attribute in the SURDEX enterprise database. An operator reviews ortho seams in areas these predicted errors indicate horizontal error in excess of the contract specifications. Any imagery errors introduced by source DEM required patching from an alternate perspective or strip photography. Processing hardware used included various brands of survey grade GPS receivers, various brands and models of computers, RAID6 storage, calibrated monitors, various brands of monitor calibration colorimeters. Leica XPro was used for post processing of ADS pushbroom data, triangulation and orthorectification. SURDEX software was used to color correct and remove bidirectional reflectance, vignetting and other illumination trends. USDA GEO Image Metrics are measured and images corrected to conform to the Image Metrics usingSURDEX software. GPS/IMU data was reduced to projected coordinates in the appropriate UTM zone using Inertial Explorer software from Novatel. Aerial Triangulation and orthorectification was performed using Leica XPro. SURDEX software was used to adjust for minor radiometric variation between adjacent images. SURDEX software was used to calculate the optimal seam path, check seam topology and create master tiles. SURDEX ortho software generates occlusion/smear polygons used during seam review of steep terrain. SURDEX software was used to visually inspect master tiles for seam and image defects. SURDEX software was used to project and cut final DOQQ image files from masters. SURDEX software was used to create CCM metadata. Lizardtech GeoExpress version 10.0.1.5035 was used to create the CCM image file. SURDEX software was used to perform final formatting, QC and naming of the DOQQ. USGS metadata parser software was used to validate the metadata. Various versions of Microsoft Windows were used in all phases of production. Grouping Tool was used again after DOQQ and CCM production to provide a quality assurance check. Individual DOQQ and CCM may not meet the USDA GEO Image Metrics ranges due to land cover. The goal is to have the state as a whole meet the Image Metrics. All products are reviewed by independent personnel prior to delivery. The delivery is checked for omissions, commissions, naming, formatting, specification compliance and data integrity.
Process Date
2023-08-29T00:00:00
Source
Title
WI FSA
Publication Date
2022-10-03
Originator
United States Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation Business Center, Geospatial Enterprise Operations (FPAC-BC-GEO
Description
DOQQ tile

Distribution Information

Format Name
GeoTIFF
Format Version
1.0
Distributor
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Distributor
United States Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation Business Center, Geospatial Enterprise Operations (FPAC-BC-GEO)
Online Access
https://gisdata.wisc.edu/public_geodata/public/aerials/counties/WI
Protocol
WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http—download
Name
Function
download

Spatial Representation Information

Raster
Number of Dimensions
2

Metadata Reference Information

Hierarchy Level
dataset
Metadata File Identifier
efa205f9-c0c6-46ba-b6a5-852e5f183a2d
Metadata Date Stamp
2023-08-29
Metadata Standard Name
ISO 19139 Geographic Information - Metadata - Implementation Specification
Metadata Standard Version
2007
Character Set
utf8
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